globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2588
论文题名:
Selective environmental stress from sulphur emitted by continental flood basalt eruptions
作者: Schmidt A.; Skeffington R.A.; Thordarson T.; Self S.; Forster P.M.; Rap A.; Ridgwell A.; Fowler D.; Wilson M.; Mann G.W.; Wignall P.B.; Carslaw K.S.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2016
卷: 9, 期:1
起始页码: 77
结束页码: 82
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: aerosol ; climate feedback ; climate variation ; Deccan Traps ; environmental effect ; environmental impact ; environmental stress ; flood basalt ; magma ; sulfur ; surface temperature ; volcanic eruption ; Columbia River
英文摘要: Several biotic crises during the past 300 million years have been linked to episodes of continental flood basalt volcanism, and in particular to the release of massive quantities of magmatic sulphur gas species. Flood basalt provinces were typically formed by numerous individual eruptions, each lasting years to decades. However, the environmental impact of these eruptions may have been limited by the occurrence of quiescent periods that lasted hundreds to thousands of years. Here we use a global aerosol model to quantify the sulphur-induced environmental effects of individual, decade-long flood basalt eruptions representative of the Columbia River Basalt Group, 16.5-14.5 million years ago, and the Deccan Traps, 65 million years ago. For a decade-long eruption of Deccan scale, we calculate a decadal-mean reduction in global surface temperature of 4.5 K, which would recover within 50 years after an eruption ceased unless climate feedbacks were very different in deep-time climates. Acid mists and fogs could have caused immediate damage to vegetation in some regions, but acid-sensitive land and marine ecosystems were well-buffered against volcanic sulphur deposition effects even during century-long eruptions. We conclude that magmatic sulphur from flood basalt eruptions would have caused a biotic crisis only if eruption frequencies and lava discharge rates had been high and sustained for several centuries at a time. © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/106102
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, Reykjavik, Iceland; School of GeoSciences, Grant Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Department of Environment, Earth and Ecosystems, Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom; Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik, United Kingdom; National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Recommended Citation:
Schmidt A.,Skeffington R.A.,Thordarson T.,et al. Selective environmental stress from sulphur emitted by continental flood basalt eruptions[J]. Nature Geoscience,2016-01-01,9(1)
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