Manas River Basin is located in the arid region of northwest China.Water resources of this region are the very important restriction factor of socio-economic development and eco-environmental construction.Manas River Basin has been taken as a typical region and hot spot for scientists to study hydrology and water resources.In this study,previous research was summarized according to the upstream watershed runoff downstream areas and in the consumption area in order to more clearly understand the valley glacier change and water resources from the views of the snow cover changes,change characteristics of runoff and its response to climate change,runoff simulation prediction,groundwater,isotope,the development and utilization of water resources.Nearly half a century,and the upper reaches of the River Basin to some ice field works was carried out,to understand the basin formation,effect of glacier,but measured data of glacier changes were not available.Under the effect of global warming,the glacier area in the study region appeared reduction at different degree,and resulted in the decreasing of ecosystem services;during the recent 60 years,the temperature and precipitation present increasing trend in the study area,runoff changes was influenced by hydrological year precipitation,the temperature in summer,the permanent ice and snow change,the runoff fluctuation increases were positively correlated with the temperature and precipitation,basin mainly relied on snow and ice melt and groundwater recharge;showed a benign development capacity of river basin water resources situation,to maintain the normal function of ecological system.But water resources have restricted the regional economic and social development in the study area because of shortage of water resources and the increase of production and living water.Many scholars put forward the development and utilization of water resources and management countermeasures and suggestions from different aspects.But the research still has deficiencies and faces some challenges.Further research can establish glacier changes in system research,glacier water resources locating observation system and carry out detailed study on simulation and prediction of glacier basin,strengthen social economic water use and ecological water use of scientific allocation etc in the middle and lower area.