DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117642
论文题名: Multi-technique physico-chemical characterization of particles generated by a gasoline engine: Towards measuring tailpipe emissions below 23 nm
作者: Focsa C. ; Duca D. ; Noble J.A. ; Vojkovic M. ; Carpentier Y. ; Pirim C. ; Betrancourt C. ; Desgroux P. ; Tritscher T. ; Spielvogel J. ; Rahman M. ; Boies A. ; Lee K.F. ; Bhave A.N. ; Legendre S. ; Lancry O. ; Kreutziger P. ; Rieker M.
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 1352-2310
出版年: 2020
卷: 235 语种: 英语
英文关键词: Direct injection
; Engines
; Gasoline
; Mass spectrometry
; Meteorological instruments
; Particles (particulate matter)
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
; Scanning electron microscopy
; Size separation
; Ambient particulate Matter
; Chemical characterization
; Experimental characterization
; Formation and evolutions
; Gasoline direct injection
; Particulate matter emissions
; Physico-chemical characterization
; Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
; Particulate emissions
; ambient air
; certification
; emission
; engine
; particulate matter
; physicochemical property
; traffic emission
学科: Emission modeling
; Internal combustion engine
; Mass spectrometry
; Nanoparticles
; Physico-chemical characterization
中文摘要: Particulate emissions from on-road motor vehicles are the focus of intensive current research due to the impact of the ambient particulate matter (PM) levels on climate and human health. Constant improvement in engine technology has led to significant decrease in the number and mass of emitted PM, but particular concern is raised nowadays by the ultrafine particles. In this context, there is a critical lack of certification procedures for the measurement of the smallest-size (<23 nm) particulate matter emissions. To support the engine development process as well as future certification procedures, a measurement technology for sub-23 nm particles must be designed. The development of a reliable measurement procedure entails understanding the formation and evolution of particles from the engine to the tailpipe via multiple analytical techniques and theoretical simulations. We present here extensive experimental characterization of ultrafine particles emitted by a gasoline direct injection single-cylinder engine as particle generator. The particles were sampled using a cascade impactor which allows size-separation into 13 different size bins. Chemical characterization of the collected size-selected particles was performed using mass spectrometry, which gives access to detailed molecular information on chemical classes of critical interest such as organosulphates, oxygenated hydrocarbons, nitrogenated hydrocarbons, metals, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Additionally, the morphology of the emitted particles was probed with atomic force (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) was applied for the first time to sub-10 nm combustion-generated particles to gather information on their nanostructure. The extensive database built from these multiple experimental characterizations has been used as input of a theoretical approach to simulate and validate engine out-emissions. These studies were performed in the framework of the H2020 PEMS4Nano project which aims to the development of a robust, reliable and reproducible measurement technology for particles down to 10 nm for both chassis dyno and real driving emissions (RDE). © 2020 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/160256
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 – PhLAM – Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, Lille, F-59000, France; University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522 – PC2A – Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, Lille, F-59000, France; TSI GmbH, Aachen, 52068, Germany; University of Cambridge, CB2 1PZ Cambridge, United Kingdom; CMCL Innovations, Castle Park, CB3 0AX Cambridge, United Kingdom; HORIBA Scientific, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; HORIBA Europe GmbH, Landwehrstrasse 55, Darmstadt, D-64293, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Focsa C.,Duca D.,Noble J.A.,et al. Multi-technique physico-chemical characterization of particles generated by a gasoline engine: Towards measuring tailpipe emissions below 23 nm[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2020-01-01,235