DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50661
论文题名: Numerical modeling of cloud chemistry effects on isocyanic acid (HNCO)
作者: Barth M.C. ; Cochran A.K. ; Fiddler M.N. ; Roberts J.M. ; Bililign S.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 15 起始页码: 8688
结束页码: 8701
语种: 英语
英文关键词: cloud chemistry
Scopus关键词: Clouds
; Hydrolysis
; Aqueous phase
; Cloud chemistries
; Combustion pro-cess
; High temperature
; Human health effects
; Isocyanic acids
; Upper troposphere
; Zero-dimensional
; pH
; aerosol
; clear sky
; cloud water
; combustion
; concentration (composition)
; cumulonimbus
; cumulus
; fog
; health impact
; hydrolysis
; numerical model
; pH
; stratus
; temperature effect
; troposphere
英文摘要: Isocyanic acid (HNCO), a product of some combustion processes, can potentially have negative human health effects. While gas phase HNCO loss processes are slow, HNCO loss in the aqueous phase is much faster. The fate of HNCO is studied for different cloud chemistry conditions using a zero-dimensional chemical box model. Exposure to clouds reduces HNCO concentrations substantially under typical cumulus cloud conditions, resulting in the chemical lifetime of HNCO dropping to ~2 h compared to clear-sky conditions of several years. The effect of clouds on HNCO is strongly dependent on the pH and temperature, with more HNCO hydrolyzed at lower pH (more acidic drops) and higher temperatures. Thus, HNCO is most efficiently removed by fog or low-level stratus clouds and least efficiently removed under middle to upper troposphere conditions where cumulonimbus and pyrocumulus clouds reside. Deliquesced aerosols may be highly efficient at reducing HNCO concentrations. Key Points Aqueous-phase hydrolysis of HNCO is the major depletion pathway of HNCO More HNCO is destroyed at low pH and at high temperatures HNCO should be most efficiently depleted in low-level stratus and fog clouds ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. 资助项目: NA06OAR4810187
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63440
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: National Center for Atmospheric Research, PO Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307, United States; Energy and Environmental Systems, North Carolina AandT State University, Greensboro NC, United States; NOAA ISET Center, North Carolina AandT State University, Greensboro NC, United States; Chemical Sciences Division, ESRL, NOAA, Boulder CO, United States; Department of Physics, North Carolina AandT State University, Greensboro NC, United States
Recommended Citation:
Barth M.C.,Cochran A.K.,Fiddler M.N.,et al. Numerical modeling of cloud chemistry effects on isocyanic acid (HNCO)[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(15)