DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50489
论文题名: Observational constraints on Arctic Ocean clouds and radiative fluxes during the early 21st century
作者: Kay J.E. ; L'Ecuyer T.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 13 起始页码: 7219
结束页码: 7236
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Arctic
; cloud forcing
; cloud radiative effect
; clouds
; radiation
; sea ice
Scopus关键词: Climatology
; Clouds
; Heat radiation
; Oceanography
; Optical radar
; Solar radiation
; Arctic
; Cloud forcing
; Cloud radiative effects
; Cloud uncertainties
; Interannual variability
; Short-wave radiation
; Shortwave radiative flux
; Top of atmospheres
; Sea ice
; absorption
; albedo
; CALIPSO
; cloud
; CloudSat
; global warming
; longwave radiation
; mathematical analysis
; MODIS
; observational method
; radiative forcing
; sea ice
; twenty first century
; Arctic Ocean
; Ceres
英文摘要: Arctic Ocean observations are combined to create a cloud and radiation climatology for the early 21st century (March 2000 to February 2011). Data sources include: active (CloudSat, CALIPSO) and passive (MODIS) satellite cloud observations, observed top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes (CERES-EBAF), observationally constrained radiative flux calculations (2B-FLXHR-LIDAR), and observationally constrained cloud forcing calculations (CERES-EBAF, 2B-FLXHR-LIDAR). Uncertainty in flux calculations is dominated by cloud uncertainty, not surface albedo uncertainty. The climatology exposes large geographic, seasonal, and interannual variability cloud forcing, but on average, Arctic Ocean clouds warm the surface (+10 W m-2, in 2B-FLXHR-LIDAR) and cool the TOA (-12 W m-2, in CERES-EBAF and 2B-FLXHR-LIDAR). Shortwave TOA cloud cooling and longwave TOA cloud warming are stronger in 2B-FLXHR-LIDAR than in CERES-EBAF, but these two differences compensate each other, yielding similar net TOA values. During the early 21st century, summer TOA albedo decreases are consistent with sea ice loss but are unrelated to summer cloud trends that are statistically insignificant. In contrast, both sea ice variability and cloud variability contribute to interannual variability in summer shortwave radiative fluxes. Summer 2007 had the largest persistent cloud, radiation, and sea ice anomalies in the climatology. During that summer, positive net shortwave radiation anomalies exceeded 20 W m-2 over much of the Arctic Ocean. This enhanced shortwave absorption resulted primarily from cloud reductions during early summer and sea ice loss during late summer. In summary, the observations show that while cloud variability influences absorbed shortwave radiation variability, there is no summer cloud trend affecting summer absorbed shortwave radiation. Key Points New Arctic Ocean cloud/radiation constraints are analyzed for the early 21st C Sea ice loss, not clouds, explain increased summer absorbed shortwave ('00-'10) Cloud and sea ice variability explain summer absorbed SW variability (esp. '07) ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. 资助项目: 09-CCST09-29
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63557
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Climate and Global Dynamics, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80305, United States; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
Recommended Citation:
Kay J.E.,L'Ecuyer T.. Observational constraints on Arctic Ocean clouds and radiative fluxes during the early 21st century[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(13)