Reflection
; California
; Carbon spherules
; Holocenes
; Impact events
; Internal structure
; Late Pleistocene
; Low-intensity
; Microscopic study
; Pleistocene
; Reflectance measurements
; Sedimentary sequence
; Time horizons
; Younger Dryas
; Lithium batteries
; burning
; carbonate
; catastrophic event
; climate modeling
; comet
; data set
; fungus
; microscopy
; paleoclimate
; Pleistocene-Holocene boundary
; reflectance
; sedimentary sequence
; spherule
; temperature effect
; wildfire
; Younger Dryas
; functional morphology
; Holocene
; Pleistocene
; radiocarbon dating
; species diversity
; California
; Channel Islands [California]
; United States
; Cenococcum
; Fungi
; Sclerotium (ascomycota)
; Spherules
英文摘要:
A claim attributes the onset of the Younger Dryas climate interval and a range of other effects ∼12,900 years ago to a comet airburst and/or impact event. One key aspect of this claim centers on the origin of carbonaceous spherules that purportedly formed during intense, impact-ignited wildfires. Samples from Pleistocene-Holocene sedimentary sequences in the California Channel Islands and other sites show that carbon spherules and elongate forms are common in samples dating to before, during, and well after the 12,900-year time horizon, including from modern samples. Microscopic studies show that carbon spherules have morphologies and internal structures identical to fungal sclerotia (such as Sclerotium and Cenococcum). Experimental charring of fungal sclerotia shows that their reflectance increases with temperature. Reflectance measurements of modern and late Pleistocene spherules show that the latter indicate, at most, low-intensity burning. These data cast further doubt upon the evidence suggesting a catastrophic Younger Dryas impact event. Copyright 2010 by the American Geophysical Union.
School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Box 5694, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, United States
Recommended Citation:
Scott A.C.,Pinter N.,Collinson M.E.,et al. Fungus, not comet or catastrophe, accounts for carbonaceous spherules in the Younger Dryas "impact layer"[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2016-01-01,37(14).