globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1996
论文题名:
Biomass preservation in impact melt ejecta
作者: Howard K.T.; Bailey M.J.; Berhanu D.; Bland P.A.; Cressey G.; Howard L.E.; Jeynes C.; Matthewman R.; Martins Z.; Sephton M.A.; Stolojan V.; Verchovsky S.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2013
卷: 6, 期:12
起始页码: 1018
结束页码: 1022
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: biomass ; crater ; ejecta ; glass ; high pressure ; high temperature ; melt ; meteorite ; organic matter ; polymer ; preservation ; protein ; pyrolysis ; terrain ; Australia ; Tasmania
英文摘要: Meteorites can have played a role in the delivery of the building blocks of life to Earth only if organic compounds are able to survive the high pressures and temperatures of an impact event. Although experimental impact studies have reported the survival of organic compounds, there are uncertainties in scaling experimental conditions to those of a meteorite impact on Earth and organic matter has not been found in highly shocked impact materials in a natural setting. Impact glass linked to the 1.2-km-diameter Darwin crater in western Tasmania is strewn over an area exceeding 400 km 2 and is thought to have been ejected by a meteorite impact about 800 kyr ago into terrain consisting of rainforest and swamp. Here we use pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to show that biomarkers representative of plant species in the local ecosystem - including cellulose, lignin, aliphatic biopolymer and protein remnants - survived the Darwin impact. We find that inside the impact glass the organic components are trapped in porous carbon spheres. We propose that the organic material was captured within impact melt and preserved when the melt quenched to glass, preventing organic decomposition since the impact. We suggest that organic material can survive capture and transport in products of extreme impact processing, at least for a Darwin-sized impact event. © 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/106654
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
科学计划与规划

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作者单位: Physical Sciences Department, Kingsborough Community College of the City University of New York, 2001 Oriental Boulevard, Brooklyn, NY 11235, United States; Impacts and Astromaterials Research Centre (IARC), Natural History Museum, Mineralogy Department, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024-5192, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; University of Surrey Ion Beam Centre, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; IARC, Department of Earth Sci. and Eng., Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Centre for Earth, Planetary, Space and Astronomical Research (CESPAR), Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom

Recommended Citation:
Howard K.T.,Bailey M.J.,Berhanu D.,et al. Biomass preservation in impact melt ejecta[J]. Nature Geoscience,2013-01-01,6(12)
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