DOI: 10.5194/cp-14-527-2018
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85045876127
论文题名: Spatio-Temporal variability of Arctic summer temperatures over the past 2 millennia
作者: Werner J.P. ; Divine D.V. ; Ljungqvist F.C. ; Nilsen T. ; Francus P.
刊名: Climate of the Past
ISSN: 18149324
出版年: 2018
卷: 14, 期: 4 起始页码: 527
结束页码: 557
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: chronology
; database
; Little Ice Age
; Medieval Warm Period
; probability
; proxy climate record
; reconstruction
; spatiotemporal analysis
; trend analysis
; uncertainty analysis
英文摘要: In this article, the first spatially resolved and millennium-length summer (June-August) temperature reconstruction over the Arctic and sub-Arctic domain (north of 60°gN) is presented. It is based on a set of 44 annually dated temperature-sensitive proxy archives of various types from the revised PAGES2k database supplemented with six new recently updated proxy records. As a major advance, an extension of the Bayesian BARCAST climate field (CF) reconstruction technique provides a means to treat climate archives with dating uncertainties. This results not only in a more precise reconstruction but additionally enables joint probabilistic constraints to be imposed on the chronologies of the used archives. The new seasonal CF reconstruction for the Arctic region can be shown to be skilful for the majority of the terrestrial nodes. The decrease in the proxy data density back in time, however, limits the analyses in the spatial domain to the period after 750gCE, while the spatially averaged reconstruction covers the entire time interval of 1-2002gCE.The centennial to millennial evolution of the reconstructed temperature is in good agreement with a general pattern that was inferred in recent studies for the Arctic and its subregions. In particular, the reconstruction shows a pronounced Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; here ca. 920-1060gCE), which was characterised by a sequence of extremely warm decades over the whole domain. The medieval warming was followed by a gradual cooling into the Little Ice Age (LIA), with 1766-1865gCE as the longest centennial-scale cold period, culminating around 1811-1820gCE for most of the target region.In total over 600 independent realisations of the temperature CF were generated. As showcased for local and regional trends and temperature anomalies, operating in a probabilistic framework directly results in comprehensive uncertainty estimates, even for complex analyses. For the presented multi-scale trend analysis, for example, the spread in different paths across the reconstruction ensemble prevents a robust analysis of features at timescales shorter than ca. 30 years. For the spatial reconstruction, the benefit of using the spatially resolved reconstruction ensemble is demonstrated by focusing on the regional expression of the recent warming and the MCA. While our analysis shows that the peak MCA summer temperatures were as high as in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the spatial coherence of extreme years over the last decades of the reconstruction (1980s onwards) seems unprecedented at least back until 750gCE. However, statistical testing could not provide conclusive support of the contemporary warming to exceed the peak of the MCA in terms of the pan-Arctic mean summer temperatures: The reconstruction cannot be extended reliably past 2002gCE due to lack of proxy data and thus the most recent warming is not captured. © Author(s) 2018. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/109574
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research and Department for Earth Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, Bergen, 5020, Norway; Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, 9296, Norway; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway9037, Norway; Department of History, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden; Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden; Centre-EAU Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490 rue de la couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada; GEOTOP Research Center, Montréal, H3C 3P8, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Werner J.P.,Divine D.V.,Ljungqvist F.C.,et al. Spatio-Temporal variability of Arctic summer temperatures over the past 2 millennia[J]. Climate of the Past,2018-01-01,14(4)