DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.10.056
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85033552346
论文题名: The 2016 Kaikōura earthquake: Simultaneous rupture of the subduction interface and overlying faults
作者: Wang T. ; Wei S. ; Shi X. ; Qiu Q. ; Li L. ; Peng D. ; Weldon R.J. ; Barbot S.
刊名: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
ISSN: 0012821X
出版年: 2018
卷: 482 起始页码: 44
结束页码: 51
语种: 英语
英文关键词: 3D surface deformation
; finite rupture model
; SAR/InSAR GPS
; strong motion
; teleseismic waveform modeling
; tsunami
Scopus关键词: Deformation
; Earthquake effects
; Earthquakes
; Faulting
; Geodesy
; Geophysics
; Hazards
; Seismology
; Strike-slip faults
; Tsunamis
; Waveform analysis
; 3D surface
; Geodetic measurements
; Rupture models
; Strong motion
; Subduction interface
; Surface deformation
; Teleseismic body waves
; Teleseismic waveforms
; Fault slips
; deformation
; earthquake event
; earthquake rupture
; fault
; GPS
; strong motion
; subduction
; synthetic aperture radar
; teleseismic wave
; tsunami
; waveform analysis
; Kaikoura
; Marlborough
; New Zealand
; South Island
英文摘要: The distribution of slip during an earthquake and how it propagates among faults in the subduction system play a major role in seismic and tsunami hazards, yet they are poorly understood because offshore observations are often lacking. Here we derive the slip distribution and rupture evolution during the 2016 Mw 7.9 Kaikōura (New Zealand) earthquake that reconcile the surface rupture, space geodetic measurements, seismological and tsunami waveform records. We use twelve fault segments, with eleven in the crust and one on the megathrust interface, to model the geodetic data and match the major features of the complex surface ruptures. Our modeling result indicates that a large portion of the moment is distributed on the subduction interface, making a significant contribution to the far field surface deformation and teleseismic body waves. The inclusion of local strong motion and teleseismic waveform data in the joint inversion reveals a unilateral rupture towards northeast with a relatively low averaged rupture speed of ∼1.5 km/s. The first 30 s of the rupture took place on the crustal faults with oblique slip motion and jumped between fault segments that have large differences in strike and dip. The peak moment release occurred at ∼65 s, corresponding to simultaneous rupture of both plate interface and the overlying splay faults with rake angle changes progressively from thrust to strike-slip. The slip on the Papatea fault produced more than 2 m of offshore uplift, making a major contribution to the tsunami at the Kaikōura station, while the northeastern end of the rupture can explain the main features at the Wellington station. Our inversions and simulations illuminate complex up-dip rupture behavior that should be taken into consideration in both seismic and tsunami hazard assessment. The extreme complex rupture behavior also brings new challenges to the earthquake dynamic simulations and understanding the physics of earthquakes. © 2017 The Author(s) Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/110148
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, United Kingdom; Department of Geological Science, University of Oregon, United States
Recommended Citation:
Wang T.,Wei S.,Shi X.,et al. The 2016 Kaikōura earthquake: Simultaneous rupture of the subduction interface and overlying faults[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2018-01-01,482