DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0255.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85040537034
论文题名: Why do modeled and observed surface wind stress climatologies differ in the trade wind regions?
作者: Simpson I.R. ; Bacmeister J.T. ; Sandu I. ; Rodwell M.J.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2018
卷: 31, 期: 2 起始页码: 491
结束页码: 513
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Budgets
; General circulation models
; Model errors
; Momentum
; Sea/ocean surface
; Wind stress
Scopus关键词: Budget control
; Commerce
; Drag
; Momentum
; Wind stress
; Atmospheric process
; Budgets
; General circulation model
; Global climate model
; Mean momentum balances
; Model errors
; Sea/ocean surfaces
; Zonal surface winds
; Climate models
; climate modeling
; climatology
; error analysis
; general circulation model
; Northern Hemisphere
; sea surface
; Southern Hemisphere
; trade wind
; wind stress
英文摘要: Global climate models (GCMs) exhibit stronger mean easterly zonal surface wind stress and near-surface winds in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) trade winds than observationally constrained reanalyses or other observational products. A comparison, between models and reanalyses, of the processes that contribute to the zonal-mean, vertically integrated balance of momentum reveals that this wind stress discrepancy cannot be explained by either the resolved dynamics or parameterized tendencies that are common to each. Rather, a substantial residual exists in the time-mean momentum balance of the reanalyses, pointing toward a role for the analysis increments. Indeed, they are found to systematically weaken the NH near-surface easterlies in winter, thereby reducing the diagnosed surface wind stress. Similar effects are found in the Southern Hemisphere, and further analysis of the spatial structure and seasonality of these increments demonstrates that they act to weaken the near-surface flow over much of the low-latitude oceans in both summer and winter. This suggests an erroneous/missing process in GCMs that constitutes a missing drag on the low-level zonal flow over oceans. This indicates either a misrepresentation of the drag between the surface and the atmosphere or a missing internal atmospheric process that amounts to an additional drag on the low-level zonal flow. If the former is true, then observation-based surface stress products, which rely on similar drag formulations to GCMs, may be underestimating the strength of the easterly surface wind stress. © 2018 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/111709
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Simpson I.R.,Bacmeister J.T.,Sandu I.,et al. Why do modeled and observed surface wind stress climatologies differ in the trade wind regions?[J]. Journal of Climate,2018-01-01,31(2)