DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.030
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85049300590
论文题名: Application of a salivary immunoassay in a prospective community study of waterborne infections
作者: Egorov A.I. ; Griffin S.M. ; Ward H.D. ; Reilly K. ; Fout G.S. ; Wade T.J.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 142 起始页码: 289
结束页码: 300
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Cryptosporidium
; Immunoassay
; Noroviruses
; Prospective study
; Waterborne infections
Scopus关键词: Antibodies
; Environmental regulations
; Immunology
; Potable water
; Recombinant proteins
; Surface waters
; Surveys
; Water filtration
; Water treatment plants
; Cryptosporidium
; Immunoassay
; Noroviruses
; Prospective study
; Water borne infections
; Water treatment
; immunoglobulin G
; recombinant protein
; tap water
; antibody
; bacterial disease
; diarrheal disease
; drinking water
; gastroenteritis
; immunoassay
; infectious disease
; microbial community
; river water
; seasonal variation
; symptom
; urban area
; virus
; water treatment plant
; waterborne disease
; abdominal cramp
; adolescent
; adult
; Article
; child
; cohort analysis
; Cryptosporidium
; diarrhea
; female
; gastroenteritis
; human
; immunoassay
; major clinical study
; male
; Massachusetts
; Norovirus
; priority journal
; prospective study
; saliva analysis
; summer
; swimming
; vomiting
; water borne disease
; water contamination
; water supply
; winter
; Massachusetts
; United States
; Cryptosporidium
; Norovirus
英文摘要: Quantifying sporadic waterborne infections in community settings can be challenging. Salivary antibody immunoassays are a promising non-invasive tool that can be used in prospective studies of common infections, especially those involving children. This study was conducted in a Massachusetts city, which uses a microbiologically contaminated river as its water source, during summer-early winter periods before and after construction of a new drinking water treatment plant. Monthly saliva samples (7480 samples from 1170 children and 816 adults) were analyzed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to recombinant proteins of Cryptosporidium, one genogroup I (GI) and two GII noroviruses. Immunoconversion was defined as at least four-fold increase in specific antibody responses between two monthly samples with a post-conversion response above a flexible age-dependent cut-off. Episodes of gastroenteritis (diarrhea or vomiting or cramps) were associated with 3.2 (95% confidence limits 1.1; 9.5) adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of immunoconversion to Cryptosporidium; episodes of combined diarrhea and vomiting symptoms were associated with 3.5 (0.8; 15.0) and 4.6 (1.7; 12.6) aORs of an immunoconversion to GI and GII noroviruses, respectively. Swimming in natural water bodies or chlorinated pools was associated with 2.3 (0.4; 15.4) and 4.9 (1.6; 15.5) aORs of immunoconversion to Cryptosporidium, respectively. In a subset of study participants who did not use home water filters, consumption of at least some amount of non-boiled tap water reported in a monthly recall survey was associated with 11.1 (1.2; 100.0) and 0.6 (0.1; 2.5) aORs of immunoconversion to Cryptosporidium before and after the new water treatment plant construction, respectively. Among individuals who used home water filters, associations between non-boiled tap water consumption and Cryptosporidium immunoconversion were not significant before and after new plant construction with aORs of 0.8 (0.2; 3.3) and 0.3 (0.1; 1.6), respectively. The interaction effect of study phase and non-boiled tap water consumption on Cryptosporidium immunoconversions was statistically significant in the entire study population with aOR of 5.4 (1.1; 25.6). This was the first study that has used a salivary antibody immunoassay to demonstrate significant associations between gastrointestinal symptoms and Cryptosporidium and norovirus infections, and between water-related exposures and Cryptosporidium infections. © 2018 Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/112632
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, RTPNC, United States; National Exposure Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Dept. of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States; EPA Region 1 (New England), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Boston, MA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Egorov A.I.,Griffin S.M.,Ward H.D.,et al. Application of a salivary immunoassay in a prospective community study of waterborne infections[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,142