DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.039
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85036506799
论文题名: Droplet distribution and airborne bacteria in an experimental shower unit
作者: Estrada-Perez C.E. ; Kinney K.A. ; Maestre J.P. ; Hassan Y.A. ; King M.D.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 130 起始页码: 47
结束页码: 57
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Bacterial aerosols
; Microbiome
; Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV)
; Shower
; Wetted wall cyclone (WWC)
Scopus关键词: Aerosols
; Atmospheric movements
; Bacteria
; Drops
; Housing
; Storms
; Velocimeters
; Velocity
; Velocity measurement
; Wetting
; Bacterial aerosols
; Microbiome
; Particle tracking velocimetry
; Shower
; Wetted wall
; Two phase flow
; water
; aerosol
; algorithm
; bacterium
; concentration (composition)
; experimental apparatus
; microorganism
; particle image velocimetry
; Acinetobacter
; aerosol
; airborne bacterium
; algorithm
; Anaerococcus
; Article
; Burkholderia
; Klebsiella
; Legionella
; Methylobacterium
; Mycobacterium
; Nocardioides
; particle size
; particle tracking velocimetry
; priority journal
; Pseudomonas
; Ralstonia
; Sphingomonas
; Staphylococcus
; Streptococcus
; bacterium
; chemistry
; flow kinetics
; household
; human
; isolation and purification
; microbiology
; particulate matter
; theoretical model
; Bacteria (microorganisms)
; Air Microbiology
; Algorithms
; Bacteria
; Household Articles
; Humans
; Models, Theoretical
; Particle Size
; Particulate Matter
; Rheology
; Water
; Water Microbiology
英文摘要: Although human exposure to water aerosols is common in residential showers, the droplet distribution patterns generated in showers are not well understood nor is the bacteria released during shower operation. In this study, a two-phase flow Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) algorithm was successfully used to characterize the spatial spray pattern and velocity field in two experimental showers (one low-flow and one high-flow). In addition, the airborne bacteria present in the shower over nearly 5 months of controlled operation was determined for both showers. The results indicate that the droplet velocity out of the low-flow showerhead (which had fewer orifices) was significantly higher than that out of the high-flow showerhead resulting in a higher aerosol number concentration in the low-flow shower and more consistent wetting of the shower wall. Both showerheads generated droplets in the respirable range and genera of potential health concern were observed in the shower aerosols measured both prior to and following shower operation. The study provides one of the first visualizations of droplet spray patterns in residential showers and provides insight into the airborne bacteria present in showers. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/113067
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A and M University College StationTX, United States; Department of Nuclear Engineering, Texas A and M University College StationTX, United States; Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, United States
Recommended Citation:
Estrada-Perez C.E.,Kinney K.A.,Maestre J.P.,et al. Droplet distribution and airborne bacteria in an experimental shower unit[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,130