globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1029/2017JD027818
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85048418006
论文题名:
Brown and Black Carbon Emitted by a Marine Engine Operated on Heavy Fuel Oil and Distillate Fuels: Optical Properties, Size Distributions, and Emission Factors
作者: Corbin J.C.; Pieber S.M.; Czech H.; Zanatta M.; Jakobi G.; Massabò D.; Orasche J.; ElHaddad I.; Mensah A.A.; Stengel B.; Drinovec L.; Mocnik G.; Zimmermann R.; Prévôt A.S.H.; Gysel M.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
ISSN: 2169897X
出版年: 2018
卷: 123, 期:11
起始页码: 6175
结束页码: 6195
语种: 英语
英文关键词: black carbon ; brC ; brown carbon ; imaginary refractive index ; marine ; shipping
Scopus关键词: absorption coefficient ; black carbon ; brown carbon ; carbon emission ; chemical composition ; diesel engine ; fuel ; heavy oil ; marine environment ; optical property ; particle size ; particulate matter ; refractive index ; shipping ; size distribution
英文摘要: We characterized the chemical composition and optical properties of particulate matter (PM) emitted by a marine diesel engine operated on heavy fuel oil (HFO), marine gas oil (MGO), and diesel fuel (DF). For all three fuels, ∼80% of submicron PM was organic (and sulfate, for HFO at higher engine loads). Emission factors varied only slightly with engine load. Refractory black carbon (rBC) particles were not thickly coated for any fuel; rBC was therefore externally mixed from organic and sulfate PM. For MGO and DF PM, rBC particles were lognormally distributed in size (mode at drBC≈120 nm). For HFO, much larger rBC particles were present. Combining the rBC mass concentrations with in situ absorption measurements yielded an rBC mass absorption coefficient MACBC,780nm of 7.8 ± 1.8 m2/g at 780 nm for all three fuels. Using positive deviations of the absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) from unity to define brown carbon (brC), we found that brC absorption was negligible for MGO or DF PM (AAE(370,880 nm)≈1.0 ± 0.1) but typically 50% of total 370-nm absorption for HFO PM. Even at 590 nm, ∼20 of the total absorption was due to brC. Using absorption at 880 nm as a reference for BC absorption and normalizing to organic PM mass, we obtained a MACOM,370nm of 0.4 m2/g at typical operating conditions. Furthermore, we calculated an imaginary refractive index of (0.045 ± 0.025)(λ/370nm)−3 for HFO PM at 370 nm>λ > 660 nm, more than twofold greater than previous recommendations. Climate models should account for this substantial brC absorption in HFO PM. ©2018. The Authors.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/113704
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应

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作者单位: Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland; National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada; Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany; Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Helmholtz Virtual Institute for Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy; INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy; Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Piston Machines and Internal Combustion Engines, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia; Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Recommended Citation:
Corbin J.C.,Pieber S.M.,Czech H.,et al. Brown and Black Carbon Emitted by a Marine Engine Operated on Heavy Fuel Oil and Distillate Fuels: Optical Properties, Size Distributions, and Emission Factors[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,2018-01-01,123(11)
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