DOI: 10.3354/cr01387
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85018195824
论文题名: The Central European drought of 1947: Causes and consequences, with particular reference to the Czech Lands
作者: Brázdil R. ; Raška P. ; Trnka M. ; Zahradníček P. ; Valášek H. ; Dobrovolný P. ; Řezníčková L. ; Treml P. ; Stachoň Z.
刊名: Climate Research
ISSN: 0936577X
出版年: 2016
卷: 70, 期: 2019-02-03 起始页码: 161
结束页码: 178
语种: 英语
英文关键词: 1947 drought
; Agricultural drought
; Czech Lands
; Drought impact
; Hydrological drought
; Meteorological drought
; Socio-economic responses
Scopus关键词: agricultural land
; climate effect
; drought
; extreme event
; high pressure
; instrumentation
; precipitation assessment
; severe weather
; socioeconomic impact
; spatiotemporal analysis
; Czech Republic
; USSR
英文摘要: A drought of exceptional severity took place in Central Europe in 1947, with marked socio-economic consequences and far-reaching political responses in the Czech Lands. A rich body of meteorological observations from the Czech Lands is drawn upon to construct a comprehensive picture of the various direct and indirect factors that led to this extreme event and to describe its impacts across a range of spatiotemporal scales. In terms of the Czech Lands in their entirety and the full 1804-2014 period of instrumental measurements, the 1947 drought, which lasted from April to October, may be expressed as very low monthly values of Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index for 1 month (SPEI-1), Standardised Precipitation Index for 1 month (SPI-1), and Palmer's Z-index. Independent evidence from mean monthly patterns of sealevel pressure suggests it originated in an anticyclone overCentral Europe and ridges of high pressure extending over the area. Duration and deficiency volumes recorded at selected Czech hydrological stations indicate that the 1947 event was one of the 3 most important hydrologic drought episodes since the late 1880s. Severe agricultural drought was reflected in a low to extremely bad harvest of cereals and other agricultural crops. A critical lack of cereals was remedied by 'brotherly help', i.e. relief shipments from the Soviet Union given for reasons that were far more political than altruistic. The whole process received considerable attention in the national media, influencing public opinion for decades. It also led to various administrative responses and decisions at local, regional and even state levels. This study demonstrates that the 1947 drought was a significant climatic anomaly of great spatial extent, and with wide-ranging socio-economic consequences. © The authors 2016. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/116353
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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Recommended Citation:
Brázdil R.,Raška P.,Trnka M.,et al. The Central European drought of 1947: Causes and consequences, with particular reference to the Czech Lands[J]. Climate Research,2016-01-01,70(2019-02-03)