DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.02.018
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85062231932
论文题名: Impact of Middle Pleistocene (Saalian) glacial lake-outburst floods on the meltwater-drainage pathways in northern central Europe: Insights from 2D numerical flood simulation
作者: Lang J. ; Alho P. ; Kasvi E. ; Goseberg N. ; Winsemann J.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2019
卷: 209 起始页码: 82
结束页码: 99
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Glacial lake-outburst flood
; Ice-dammed lakes
; Meltwater-drainage systems
; Middle pleistocene glaciations
; Numerical flood simulation
; Palaeotopography
Scopus关键词: Drainage
; Floods
; Glacial geology
; Glaciers
; Ice
; Numerical models
; Shear flow
; Shear stress
; Flood simulation
; Glacial lake outburst flood
; Ice-dammed lake
; Meltwater drainage system
; Middle Pleistocene
; Palaeotopography
; Lakes
英文摘要: The terrestrial margins of the Middle Pleistocene ice sheets in northern central Europe were characterised by the formation of extensive ice-dammed lakes, which were controlled by the blockage of spillways by the ice margin. The largest ice-dammed lake had a volume of ∼224 km³ and formed in a late stage of the first Saalian ice advance (MIS 6) in central Germany. The failure of the ice dam in the bedrock-outlet channel triggered a major glacial lake-outburst flood. Flood-related erosional and depositional features include large-scale scours, trench-like channels, streamlined hills, giant bars and run-up deposits, indicating a wide spreading of the outburst flood in an early stage and the incision of trench-like valleys in a later stage. The incision of large valleys in the proximal flood pathway strongly impacted the regional drainage system by providing an efficient drainage network. The trench-like channels initiated by the lake-outburst flood became a crucial part of the ice-marginal drainage and subsequent fluvial system. The reconstructed outlet hydrographs imply peak discharges of 465,000–673,000 m³s −1 . The numerical simulation indicates flow depths of up to 87 m, flow velocities of up to 7 ms −1 , peaks of the bed-shear stress of 2500 Nm −2 and the inundation of large parts of northwestern Germany and the northern Netherlands. The numerical simulation of the outburst flood was conducted on both the modern digital elevation model and on palaeotopographic models, representing the palaeotopography prior to the outburst flood and during maximum flood-related incision, respectively. Distally, the outburst flood probably followed an east-west trending route through northwestern Germany and the central Netherlands into the ice-dammed lake in the southern North Sea Basin. The added water volume might have led to the overspill and drainage of the proglacial lakes in the central Netherlands and the North Sea Lake in a chain reaction, eventually opening an east-west trending meltwater-drainage pathway along the southwestern margin of the decaying ice sheet. © 2019 The Authors Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/117351
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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Recommended Citation:
Lang J.,Alho P.,Kasvi E.,et al. Impact of Middle Pleistocene (Saalian) glacial lake-outburst floods on the meltwater-drainage pathways in northern central Europe: Insights from 2D numerical flood simulation[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2019-01-01,209