DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.040
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85061251472
论文题名: Evaluation of pilot-scale biochar-amended woodchip bioreactors to remove nitrate, metals, and trace organic contaminants from urban stormwater runoff
作者: Ashoori N. ; Teixido M. ; Spahr S. ; LeFevre G.H. ; Sedlak D.L. ; Luthy R.G.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2019
起始页码: 1
结束页码: 11
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Biochar
; Metals
; Nitrate
; Stormwater treatment
; Trace organic contaminants
; Woodchip bioreactor
Scopus关键词: Aquifers
; Bioconversion
; Biological water treatment
; Bioreactors
; Contamination
; Cost effectiveness
; Groundwater pollution
; Herbicides
; Housing
; Metals
; Nitrates
; Recharging (underground waters)
; Storm sewers
; Storms
; Synthetic metals
; Urea
; Bio chars
; Cost-effective technology
; Multiple contaminants
; Stormwater treatment
; Trace organic compounds
; Trace organic contaminants
; Urban stormwater runoff
; Wood chip
; Trace elements
; 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
; atrazine
; benzotriazole derivative
; cadmium
; copper
; diuron
; fipronil
; lead
; metal
; nickel
; nitrate
; organic compound
; phosphoric acid tris(2 chloroethyl) ester
; storm water
; trace element
; zinc
; biochar
; bioreactor
; heavy metal
; laboratory method
; nitrate
; operations technology
; organic pollutant
; pollutant removal
; trace element
; trace metal
; urban area
; wastewater treatment
; Article
; biofouling
; California
; diffusion
; housing
; limit of detection
; priority journal
; provocation test
; runoff
; urban area
; watershed
; California
; Sonoma County
; United States
英文摘要: Stormwater is increasingly being valued as a freshwater resource in arid regions and can provide opportunities for beneficial reuse via aquifer recharge if adequate pollutant removal can be achieved. We envision a multi-unit operation approach to capture, treat, and recharge (CTR) stormwater using low energy, cost-effective technologies appropriate for larger magnitude, less frequent events. Herein, we tested nutrient, metal, and trace organic contaminant removal of a pilot-scale CTR system in the laboratory using biochar-amended woodchip bioreactors following eight months of aging under field conditions with exposure to real stormwater. Replicate columns with woodchips and biochar (33% by weight), woodchips and straw, or woodchips only were operated with continuous, saturated flow for eight months using water from a watershed that drained an urban area consisting of residential housing and parks in Sonoma, California. After aging, columns were challenged for five months by continuous exposure to synthetic stormwater amended with 50 μg L −1 of six trace organic contaminants (i.e., fipronil, diuron, 1H-benzotriazole, atrazine, 2,4-D, and TCEP) and five metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) frequently detected in stormwater in order to replicate the treatment unit operation of a CTR system. Throughout the eight-month aging and five-month challenge experiment, nitrate concentrations were below the detection limit after treatment (i.e., <0.05 mg N L −1 ). The removal efficiencies for metals in all treatments were >80% for Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb. For Zn, about 50% removal occurred in the woodchip-biochar systems while the other systems achieved about 20% removal. No breakthrough of the trace organic compounds was observed in any biochar-containing columns. Woodchip columns without biochar removed approximately 99% of influent atrazine and 90% of influent fipronil, but exhibited relatively rapid breakthrough of TCEP, 2,4-D, 1H-benzotriazole, and diuron. The addition of straw to the woodchip columns provided no significant benefit compared to woodchips alone. Due to the lack of breakthrough of trace organics in the biochar-woodchip columns, we estimated column breakthrough with a diffusion-limited sorption model. Results of the model indicate breakthrough for the trace organics would occur between 10,000 and 32,000 pore volumes. Under ideal conditions this could be equivalent to decades of service, assuming failure by other processes (e.g., clogging, biofouling) does not occur. These results indicate that multiple contaminants can be removed in woodchip-biochar reactors employed in stormwater treatment systems with suitable flow control and that the removal of trace organic contaminants is enhanced significantly by addition of biochar. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/121965
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, United States; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and IIHR-Hydroscience & Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Ashoori N.,Teixido M.,Spahr S.,et al. Evaluation of pilot-scale biochar-amended woodchip bioreactors to remove nitrate, metals, and trace organic contaminants from urban stormwater runoff[J]. Water Research,2019-01-01