The Holocene colonisation of islands by humans has invariably led to deep-seated changes in landscape dynamics and ecology. In particular, burning was a management tool commonly used by prehistoric societies and it acted as a major driver of environmental change, particularly from the Neolithic onwards. To assess the role of early human impacts (e.g. livestock grazing, forest clearance and the cultivation of marginal land) in shaping "pristine" island landscapes, we here present a 350-year record of fire history and erosion from Malta, straddling the earliest peopling of the island. We show that recurrent anthropogenic burning related to Neolithic agro-pastoral practices began similar to 7500 years ago, with well-defined fire-return intervals (FRI) of 15-20 years that engendered erosion and rapid environmental degradation. As early as the Neolithic, this study implies that, in sensitive insular contexts, just a few generations of human activities could rapidly degrade natural islandscapes. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1.Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, CNRS, Lab Chronoenvironm, UMR 6249,MSHE Ledoux,USR 3124,UFR ST, 16 Route Gray, F-25030 Besancon, France 2.Univ Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, EcoLab Lab Ecol Fonct & Environm, Batiment 4R1,118 Route Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France 3.CNRS, EcoLab Lab Ecol Fonct & Environm, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France 4.Inst Univ France, Sect Biol Med Sante, 103 Blvd St Michel, F-75005 Paris, France 5.Univ Malta, Dept Class & Archaeol, MSD-2080 Msida, Malta 6.Univ Malta, Inst Earth Syst, MSD-2080 Msida, Malta 7.Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA,Coll France,CEREGE, Aix En Provence, France 8.Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD,UMR 7263,IMBE, Aix En Provence, France 9.Univ Lorraine, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Lab Continental Environm, Metz, France
Recommended Citation:
Marriner, N.,Kaniewski, D.,Gambin, T.,et al. Fire as a motor of rapid environmental degradation during the earliest peopling of Malta 7500 years ago[J]. QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS,2019-01-01,212:199-205