Anthropogenic activities have caused profound changes globally in biodiversity, species interactions and ecosystem functions and services. In terrestrial systems, restoration has emerged as a useful approach to mitigate these changes, and is increasingly recognised as a tool to fortify ecosystems against future disturbances. In marine systems, restoration is also gaining traction as a management tool, but it is still comparatively scant and underdeveloped relative to terrestrial environments. Key coastal habitats, such as seaweed forests and seagrass meadows are showing widespread patterns of decline around the world. As these important ecosystems increasingly become the target of emerging marine restoration campaigns, it is important not only to address current environmental degradation issues, but also to focus on the future. Given the rate at which marine and other environments are changing, and given predicted increases in the frequency and magnitude of multiple stressors, we argue for an urgent need for subtidal marine macrophyte restoration efforts that explicitly incorporate future-proofing in their goals. Here we highlight emerging scientific techniques that can help achieve this, and discuss changes to managerial, political and public frameworks that are needed to support scientific innovation and restoration applications at scale.
1.Univ New South Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Ctr Marine Bioinnovat, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia 2.Univ Sydney, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia 3.Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 637551, Singapore 4.Sydney Inst Marine Sci, 19 Chowder Bay Rd, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia 5.Natl Marine Sci Ctr, Dept Primary Ind, 2 Bay Dr, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia 6.Univ Sunshine Coast, GeneCol Res Ctr, Sunshine Coast, Qld 4556, Australia 7.Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Catedra CONACYT, Ciudad Univ, Ciudad De Mexico 04500, Mexico 8.Univ Girona, Fac Ciencies, Inst Ecol Aquat, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Spain 9.Univ New South Wales, Fac Art & Design, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Recommended Citation:
Wood, G.,Marzinelli, E. M.,Coleman, M. A.,et al. Restoring subtidal marine macrophytes in the Anthropocene: trajectories and future-proofing[J]. MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH,2019-01-01,70(7):936-951