Species and phylogenetic endemism in angiosperm trees across the Northern Hemisphere are jointly shaped by modern climate and glacial-interglacial climate change
Aims Phylogenetic endemism describes the extent to which unique phylogenetic lineages are constrained to restricted geographic areas. Previous studies indicate that species endemism is related to both past and modern climate, but studies of phylogenetic endemism are relatively rare and mainly focused on smaller regions. Here, we provide the first assessment of the patterns of species and phylogenetic endemism in angiosperm trees across the Northern Hemisphere as well as the relative importance of modern climate and glacial-interglacial climate change as drivers of these patterns. Location Northern Hemisphere. Major taxa Angiosperm trees. Methods Using tree assemblages at the scale of 100 km x 100 km grid cells and simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models, we assessed the relationships between species endemism, phylogenetic endemism and modern climate variables, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present temperature velocity. Results Species and phylogenetic endemism were associated with both modern climate and glacial-interglacial climate change, with higher values in areas with stable historical climate and warmer and wetter modern conditions. Notably, the multivariate SAR analyses showed that the combinations of variables with highest Akaike's information criterion (AIC) weight always included both LGM-present climate instability and modern climate, that is, modern precipitation and temperature. Main conclusions Our results show that high phylogenetic endemism is partially dependent on long-term climate stability, highlighting the threat posed by future climate changes to the preservation of rare, phylogenetically distinct lineages of trees.
1.Inner Mongolia Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol & Resource Use Mongolian Plateau, Sch Ecol & Environm, Hohhot 010021, Peoples R China 2.Inner Mongolia Univ, Inner Mongolia Key Lab Grassland Ecol, Sch Ecol & Environm, Hohhot 010021, Peoples R China 3.Aarhus Univ, Sect Ecoinformat & Biodivers, Dept Biosci, Aarhus C, Denmark 4.Santa Clara Univ, Dept Biol, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA 5.Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coinnovat Ctr Sustainable Forestry Southern China, Coll Biol & Environm, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China 6.Aarhus Univ, Ctr Biodivers Dynam Changing World BIOCHANGE, Dept Biosci, Aarhus C, Denmark
Recommended Citation:
Feng, Gang,Ma, Ziyu,Sandel, Brody,et al. Species and phylogenetic endemism in angiosperm trees across the Northern Hemisphere are jointly shaped by modern climate and glacial-interglacial climate change[J]. GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY,2019-01-01