Verifying national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventories is a critical step to ensure that reported emissions data to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are accurate and representative of a country's contribution to GHG concentrations in the atmosphere. Furthermore, verifying biogenic fluxes provides a check on estimated emissions associated with managing lands for carbon sequestration and other activities, which often have large uncertainties. We report here on the challenges and results associated with a case study using atmospheric measurements of CO2 concentrations and inverse modeling to verify nationally-reported biogenic CO2 emissions. The biogenic CO2 emissions inventory was compiled for the Mid-Continent region of United States based on methods and data used by the US government for reporting to the UNFCCC, along with additional sources and sinks to produce a full carbon balance. The biogenic emissions inventory produced an estimated flux of −408 ± 136 Tg CO2 for the entire study region, which was not statistically different from the biogenic flux of −478 ± 146 Tg CO2 that was estimated using the atmospheric CO2 concentration data. At sub-regional scales, the spatial density of atmospheric observations did not appear sufficient to verify emissions in general. However, a difference between the inventory and inversion results was found in one isolated area of West-central Wisconsin. This part of the region is dominated by forestlands, suggesting that further investigation may be warranted into the forest C stock or harvested wood product data from this portion of the study area. The results suggest that observations of atmospheric CO2 concentration data and inverse modeling could be used to verify biogenic emissions, and provide more confidence in biogenic GHG emissions reporting to the UNFCCC.
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory and Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Campus Delivery 1499, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;Department of Meteorology, Walker Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;Department of Meteorology, Walker Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Campus Delivery 1375, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;Department of Statistics, Campus Delivery 1877, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;Joint Global Change Research Institute, 5825 University Research Court, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD 20740, USA;USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forest Sciences Laboratory, 271 Mast Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA;Department of Meteorology, Walker Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;Department of Meteorology, Walker Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;Department of Statistics, Campus Delivery 1877, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forest Sciences Laboratory, 271 Mast Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA;Michigan Tech Research Institute, 3600 Green Court, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;School of Life Sciences, PO Box 874501, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA;Department of Atmospheric Science, Campus Delivery 1371, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Recommended Citation:
Stephen M Ogle,Kenneth Davis,Thomas Lauvaux,et al. An approach for verifying biogenic greenhouse gas emissions inventories with atmospheric CO2 concentration data[J]. Environmental Research Letters,2015-01-01,10(3)