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Sustainable Development Goal 6 seeks to address the increasing and unmet demand for water in many urban areas already struggling with inadequate water quality and supply. With climate change posing new threats, and both population growth and rural urban migration exacerbating existing issues, measures to reduce water demand sit alongside increasing water supply to address the problem. This article outlines Australia's experience in reducing water demand in urban areas, illustrating a range of measures that could contribute to meeting this goal. Key measures have a low fiscal cost, but require attention to governance.