Climatic conditions changing over time and space shape the evolution of organisms at multiple levels, including temperate lizards in the family Lacertidae. Here we reconstruct a dated phylogenetic tree of 262 lacertid species based on a supermatrix relying on novel phylogenomic datasets and fossil calibrations. Diversification of lacertids was accompanied by an increasing disparity among occupied bioclimatic niches, especially in the last 10 Ma, during a period of progressive global cooling. Temperate species also underwent a genomewide slowdown in molecular substitution rates compared to tropical and desert-adapted lacertids. Evaporative water loss and preferred temperature are correlated with bioclimatic parameters, indicating physiological adaptations to climate. Tropical, but also some populations of cool-adapted species experience maximum temperatures close to their preferred temperatures. We hypothesize these species-specific physiological preferences may constitute a handicap to prevail under rapid global warming, and contribute to explaining local lizard extinctions in cool and humid climates.
1.CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain 2.Uppsala Univ, Dept Organismal Biol, Norbyvagen 18D, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden 3.Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Sci, Museum Nat Kunde, Invalidenstr 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany 4.Hannover Sch Vet Med, Inst Zool, Bunteweg 17, D-30559 Hannover, Germany 5.Southern Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA 6.Univ Hull, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Cottingham Rd, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, Yorks, England 7.Shahid Beheshti Univ, Environm Sci Res Inst, Dept Biodivers & Ecosyst Management, GC, Tehran, Iran 8.CSIC, IPNA, Tenerife 38206, Canary Islands, Spain 9.Univ Nis, Fac Sci & Math, Dept Biol & Ecol, Visegradska 33, Nish 18000, Serbia 10.Univ Belgrade, Inst Biol Res S Stankovic, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade 11000, Serbia 11.CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, C Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain 12.Cadi Ayyad Univ, Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam Lab, Fac Sci, Marrakech, Morocco 13.Univ A Coruna, GIBE, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, La Coruna 15071, Spain 14.Ege Univ, Fac Sci, Biol Dept, Zool Sect, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey 15.Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Agr Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal 16.Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Canberra, ACT, Australia 17.Staatliches Nat Hist Museum, Braunschweig, Germany 18.Univ Osijek, Dept Biol, Cara Hadrijana 8A, Osijek, Croatia 19.Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ, Acigol Vocat High Sch Tech Sci, Dept Chem & Chem Proc Technol, TR-50300 Nevsehir, Turkey 20.Braunschweig Univ Technol, Zool Inst, Mendelssohnstr 4, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany 21.Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Biol, Plon, Germany 22.UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Rio Claro, Brazil 23.Ohio Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Athens, OH 45701 USA 24.Univ Athens, Dept Biol, Sect Zool & Marine Biol, Athens 15784, Greece 25.Univ Aquila, Dept Hlth Life & Environm Sci, I-67100 Laquila, Italy 26.Natl Inst Biol NIB, Dept Organisms & Ecosyst Res, Vecna Pot 111, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia 27.Florida State Univ, Dirac Sci Lib, Dept Sci Comp, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA 28.Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA 29.Univ Pompeu Fabra, CSIC, Inst Evolutionary Biol, Passeig Maritim Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain 30.Ctr Biodivers Theory & Modelling, UMR CNRS 5321, Stn Theoret & Expt Ecol, F-09200 Moulis, France 31.Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 130 McAllister Way,Coastal Biol Bldg, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA 32.Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Study Ecol & Evolutionary Climate Impacts, 130 McAllister Way,Coastal Biol Bldg, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA 33.Univ Hull, Dept Biol & Marine Sci, Cottingham Rd, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, Yorks, England 34.Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
Recommended Citation:
Garcia-Porta, Joan,Irisarri, Iker,Kirchner, Martin,et al. Environmental temperatures shape thermal physiology as well as diversification and genome-wide substitution rates in lizards[J]. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS,2019-01-01,10