In China,Guangxi is one of typical representatives in Karst desertification regions. The research were made to learn about the effects of the climate change, rural social economic factors and ecological policies on the processing of controlling Karst desertification,aiming to learn the major factors and secondary factors of vegetation recovery in Guangxi. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze NDVI which indicate the change of Karst desertification and nine factors relating to vegetation cover of Karst desertification in Guangxi in four stages. The nine factors, including rural population,grain yield, rural net income, livestock, farm land area, forestry area forbid, reforestation area, temperature and precipitation,have come from Guangxi statistics ranges from 1991 to 2010. The results showed that rural social economic factors and ecological policies were the main factors to controlling Karst desertification,climate factor were the secondary cause. In the period of 2005 to 2010, the contribution of them were 64. 115%,23. 355%, respectively. During twenty years, the climate change tended to drying and warming, the area of Karst desertification in Guangxi decreased obviously,but the potential Karst desertification areas still exist. Therefore, the rural net income increased every year, it still stood in a low level. These indicated that human activity and climate change both take effects on the development and reverse of Karst desertification,but the vegetation change has been much influenced by rural population, rural productive activities and ecological policy.