The fragile alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau have been subject to disturbances and damages to varied extents as the results of global warming and increasing human activities, which constitutes a serious potential threat to the ongoing program of Protection and Construction of National Ecological Security Shelter Zone. Therefore, this paper analyzed the performances of typical degraded ecosystems (grassland degradation, wetland degradation, vegetation deterioration in engineering disturbed area, and spreading of aeolian sandy land) in the Tibetan Plateau, and then identified the driving factors (climate change, overgrazing and engineering disturbance). Based on these analyses, the re-vegetation technologies for degraded ecosystems on the Plateau were summarized and refined, mainly including grassland enclosure, artificial seeding, classification recovery of different types of engineering disturbance area, screening of adaptive plant species, sand barrier construction, etc. The study was expected to provide decision-making bases and scientific and technological supports to further enhance the protection and restoration of degraded ecosystems and promote the construction of National Ecological Security Shelter Zone on Tibetan Plateau.