Consumption of fertilizers,pesticides,energy,as well as soil plowing in agricultural production led to substantial agricultural carbon emissions,which approximately accounted for 17% of the total greenhouse gases emissions in China.Subsequently,agricultural carbon emissions played an important role in global climate change,and agricultural carbon mitigation was necessary for the government's coping with climate change.So far,researches on agricultural carbon emissions concentrated on province scale,few data were available for county scale.In this study,agricultural carbon emission related data of 80counties were firstly collected from Jiangxi statistical yearbook,and then county-based agricultural carbon emission was assessed using coefficient of carbon conversion.The objective of this study was to clarify spatial and temporal variations of county based agricultural carbon emissions and associated effect factors in Jiangxi Province.The results showed that agricultural carbon emissions remained low in Jiangxi Province.From 2000to 2010,its agricultural emissions increased from 230.85*10~4 t to 290.51*10~4 t.All the other years witnessed a steady increase except for 2003.The two main sources of agricultural carbon emissions were the use of chemical fertilizer and the application of agricultural machine accounting for 41.49%-44.36% and 30.97%-40.32% respectively.Agricultural carbon emissions had a significant characteristic of spatial concentrations in Jiangxi Province,because all high emissions-zone concentrated around the Poyang Lake in the main years.Taking 2010 as an example,the top five counties were Yugan,Nanchang,Poyang, Fengcheng and Gaoan due to flat topography and wide stretch of farmland.Most of the carbon emission intensity was the secondary level.The distribution of its high values was relatively discrete and it was also more balanced than carbon emissions in overall spatial distribution.The absolute and relative differences of agricultural carbon emissions both had a trend of gradually enlarging with volatility among counties in Jiangxi Province,while the differences of its intensity had a more apparent increasing trend.Production efficiency,agricultural structure and labor force had a inhibitory action on agricultural carbon emissions, labor force>production efficiency>agricultural structure,while the development of agriculture had a promotive effect,with cumulative contributes up to 9.94% (22.94*10~4 t).In addition,the factors of society, policy,etc.also played a role in agricultural carbon emission.Finally,we summarized the main problems during the development of low-carbon agriculture in Jiangxi and gave some suggestions.