Based on the comprehensive comparisons of serial ecosystem research networks all over the world, this paper evaluated the capacity of ecosystem research and monitoring in Africa and gaps to the developed networks, proposed the frameworks and programs for building Africa ecosystem monitoring network. The paper also advanced to form the continental ecosystem assessment methods, finish the Africa Ecological Research Network (AERN) layout design, and build a typical station, as a demonstration and training base for Africa ecosystem monitoring network. These jobs provide a model for ecosystem management and enhance the Africa's ability to respond to climate change.