As water resources, flood caused by meltwater from snow cover and glacier is the important sources to supply glacial runoff and the lifeblood, without which the oasis agriculture in dry regions in West China cannot survive and develop. The topography of Xinjiang is various and complicated, with high mountains and steep slopes mostly in mountainous regions, where rivers gather water fast, flood easy takes place and water conservancy facilities are relatively poor. Therefore, disasters such as glacier flood and snowmelt flood become a potent threat to the local residents and important defense line′s safe operation. Under the general background of global warming, the frequency of flood disasters is increasing in Xinjiang, especially meltwater flood from snow cover and glacier. This situation will cause a serious loss to people′s lives and property and other facilities, such as traffic lines, reservoirs and channels. Thus, it is more important to discuss the predictability of these disasters. In this paper, using the snowmelt flood data in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2012, the resent characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of snowmelt flood in Xinjiang is analyzed. The results indicate that the snowmelt flood is correlated with precipitation from early Oct. to Mar. in Xinjiang. In the year of more precipitation, the snowmelt flood is more frequent in correspondingly. Basically, the snowmelt flood occurs in the order from west to east and from south to north in northern Xinjiang, while from west to east and from north to south in southern Xinjiang. Temporally, the snowmelt flood in Xinjiang mostly appears in spring and summer. In northern Xinjiang it occurs more frequently in March, but in southern Xinjiang it occurs more frequently in July. The Ili, Changji, Altay and Hotan Prefectures and the Qinggil, Urumqi, Akto, Minfeng City/County are the high-incidence areas of snowmelt flood.