Based on the simulated net primarily production (NPP) from CMIP5, the spatial-temporal characteristics of NPP at the mid-high latitude of Northern Hemisphere landmass for three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.3) during the early (2016-2035), middle (2046-2065) and late (2080-2099) periods of the 21st century are estimated. Combined with climatic factors, the relation between NPP and temperature, precipitation and surface shortwave radiation is also discussed. The results show that, relative to the reference period of 1986-2005, NPP at the mid-high latitude of Northern Hemisphere will represent an increasing trend during the 21st century, and the increase of NPP under RCP8.5 is greater than that under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5. As regards seasonal change, NPP at the mid-high latitude of Northern Hemisphere also shows an increasing trend, and the most obvious change of NPP appears in summer, especially in June. Furthermore, the response of NPP to climate change varies regionally. Relative to 1986-2005, for the middle and low scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5), the range of significant impact of temperature on NPP at the mid-high latitude of Northern Hemisphere during the 21st century will gradually go down, while that of radiation and precipitation will expand. Under RCP8.5, the change of NPP at the mid-high latitude of Northern Hemisphere during the 21st century will essentially depend on temperature.