In the context of global warming,cryosphere is the impact on the climate system,the Urumqi Glacier No. 1 (referred to as the Glacier No. 1) ,Cryosphere is the core of the climate system more spheres of interaction,has the longest glacier monitoring. Cryosphere processes and the response mechanism of climate change research is the focus of future cryosphere research. Cryosphere process monitoring of the different types of glaciers,associated with climate change by glacier dynamics model,analyzing the quantitative relationship between the glacier change and climate change is a part of the cryosphere research. Since 1962,it has been carried out using five kinds of methods and nine times of topographic map surveying and three times of aerial photogrammetry in Urumqi Glacier No. 1.Combined with previous studies,we have found that the presence of the Glacier No. 1 in 1962 and 1980 the area were 1.86 km~2 and 1.91 km~2 after original digitized. The GPS-RTK data in 2012 was used for the Glacier No. 1 measurement and a detailed topographic mapping,the results showed that area of Glacier No. 1 was 1.59 km~2,with east and west branch area was 1.02 km~2 and 0.57 km~2,respectively. The glacier area for nearly 50 years substantially reduced,withdrawal rate of 16.8%. Analysis of the relationship between Glacier No. 1 area variation with elevation,aspect,slope,and found Glacier No. 1 overall were shrinking,and shrinking speed were different; strong ablation slope at around 10°,and surface absorbed solar radiation the amount is more than 2 times the horizontal plane. The north-south slope of east branch generally has a strong retreat trend,and the north slope of west branch shrink fast,as a whole,east branch retreat faster than the west branch; and mainly by the combined effect of temperature and terrain.