温室气体排放所导致的全球气候变化是国际社会长期关注的热点问题,它严重限制了人类社会的发展并威胁着人类的生存。产业园区通常集中了一个区域主要的生产要素与生产能力,也代表着特定产业在该区域的发展水平,理应作为发展低碳经济的基础单元和减少温室气体排放的重要控制点,也可以成为解决区域资源、环境问题的突破口。明确了产业园区温室气体排放的系统边界和内部结构,梳理了产业园区全生命周期温室气体排放行为,综合考虑产业园区能源消耗、工业生产、物质材料消耗、仪器设备投入、废弃物处理处置、景观绿化等过程,建立产业园区温室气体排放核算方法,并对案例园区进行了清单分析。结果表明:案例园区整个生命周期的温室气体排放量为1872177 t CO_2-eq,其中运行管理阶段占全生命周期排放的比例最高,为95.35%。建设阶段的温室气体排放总量中建筑材料消耗引起的排放占到96.95%,主要集中在建筑工程、内部装修工程和外部装饰工程3个环节。运行管理阶段电力消耗、热力消耗和污水处理过程的排放量占到总量的98.69%。根据核算及分析结果提出了案例园区在建设和运行管理阶段实现温室气体减排的建议。
英文摘要:
Global climate change caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,has severely limited the development of human society and threatened the survival of humanity. Gathering the primary production factors and capacity of the region, an industrial park represents the development level of specific industries in the region. Therefore, the industrial park should be regarded as the base unit for developing a low-carbon economy and reducing GHG emissions,and also a breakthrough in allocating regional resource and overcoming environmental problems. Low-carbon mode has become a trend of development in industrial parks. Researches about GHG emissions from industrial parks make suggestions on the critical points for controlling GHG emissions and provide guidance for the construction or reform projects of low-carbon industrial parks,as well as providing references for entry thresholds and emission standards of low-carbon industrial parks. This study selects the high-end industrial parks as research object, defines the boundary of GHG inventories, and clarifies the structure of the carbon sources. In this study, a GHG inventory is set up to analyze the life-cycle GHG emissions from industrial parks, which includes 6 types of GHG emission sources,namely energy consumption,industrial production,materials consumption, equipments investment, waste disposal and landscaping. The above method was used for one high-end low carbon industrial park in Beijing as a case study. The results were as follows: (1) the overall GHG emission of the whole life-cycle is 1872177 t CO_2-eq. The construction stage takes up 4.546% which means 85105.82 t CO_2-eq GHG emission with an intensity of 801.69 kg CO_2-eq /m~2; while the operation stage contributes the great majority of GHG emission, which achieves a proportion of 95.352%. The GHG emission of operation stage is 37717.18 t CO_2-eq, and the intensity is 355.29 kg CO_2-eq /m~2. (2) During the construction stage of the case industrial park, the top 3 emission sources are S (59.71%), ID (20.33%) and OD (11.40%),followed by L (3.74%),V (1.78%) and R (1.09%). The other 6 steps only take up the proportion of less than 1%. (3) More attention should be given tothe processes of sewage treatment, heat energy consumption and electricity consumption, as they contribute 98.69% of the stage emission. Finally, based on the analysis of the results, suggestions for GHG reduction are proposed to guide the low-carbon development of the high-end industrial park,such as making use of the local materials to reduce the amount of fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions due to the long-range transport,using the low carbon and regeneration construction materials instead of the traditional ones to reduce the GHG emission from the upstream production process and downstream disposal, scientifically arranging the construction progress to promote a safe and low carbon form of construction work,applying advanced management methods and strengthening the propaganda of energy conservation and emissions reduction.