For the strategic purpose of policy communication and public unity in the promotion of Silk Road Economic Belt, we propose a framework of supporting think-tank network and collaborative innovation platform that includes think-tank network and talent program, collaborative innovation platform and e-science environment, decision support system and international science cooperating plan. Through analysis, we suggest: (1) based on the human and education resources of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) to setup Silk Road Economic Belt Scientist Alliance, form an international think-tank network serving Silk Road Economic Belt and initiate special talent program in this region; (2) relying on the e-Science research environment in geoscience by CAS and national earth system science data sharing platform to implement the infrastructure of collaborative innovation platform to create scientific resources sharing policy, compile and aggregate scientific resources in standard manner, develop and deploy the data sharing and collaborative innovation platform and release resources; (3) aiming at requirements of think-tank decision making support, we propose a serials of decision support systems with PRED-oriented database, model base, knowledge base, and tool box to explore the ecological environment changes, environmental carrying capacity, and the reacting effects to the global climate change and local ecology, regional sustainable development model, etc.; (4) last but not least, we also bring up international science and technology cooperation programs, including partnership cooperation program, field cooperation program, and base construction cooperation program, with which regional science engine power can be enhanced, and driving force for promoting Silk Road Economic Belt can be generated. The promotion of Silk Road Economic Belt will be a long-term and extremely arduous strategic task, while technology is bound to play an irreplaceable role in this progress. The implement of think-tank network and collaborative innovation platform will significantly increase the power of science and technology support and to strengthen the research foundation in this region to provide an inexhaustible motive force for the construction and development of long-term and effective support of the Silk Road Economic Belt.