Incorporation of crop residues in agricultural soils can maintain soil organic matter, but simultaneously stimulates greenhouse gas emission. The application of the nitrification inhibitor has been demonstrated to inhibit effectively greenhouse gas emission. However, it remains largely unknown in effects of the nitrification inhibitor application on soil CH_4, N_2O and CO_2 emissions under straw return in farmland. In the present study, the emissions of farmland soil CH_4, N_2O and CO_2 under rice straw return were investigated and estimated when the nitrification inhibitor(dicyandiamide, abbreviated DCD)was applied during the whole rice growing season through the pot experiment. The experiment included five treatments:conventional fertilization(CF), conventional fertilization plus DCD(CF+DCD), conventional fertilization plus straw return(CF+S), conventional fertilization plus straw return and DCD(CF+S+DCD), and no input of fertilizers as control(CK). The results showed that CH_4 and CO_2 emissions during the whole rice growing season were highest in the CF+S treatment, followed by CF+S+ DCD treatment, and lowest in CK treatment. In contrast, N_2O during the whole rice growing season were highest in the CF treatment, followed by CF+DCD treatment, and lowest in CF+S+DCD treatment. Compared with CF and CF+S treatments, the application of nitrification inhibitor significantly reduced CH_4 and N_2O emissions. In general, both straw return and nitrification inhibitor application significantly increased rice yield and net ecosystem economic budget(NEEB)but decreased global warming potential(GWP)and greenhouse gas intensity(GHGI). Compared with CF and CF+S treatments, the application of nitrification inhibitor increased crop yield by 9.5% and 10.0%, and NEEB by 16.8% and 20.1%, but decreased GWP by 23.7% and 21.0%, and GHGI by 23.7% and 21.1%. Thus, the application of nitrification inhibitor can significantly decrease greenhouse gas and sustain crop yield irrespective of straw return. Our results suggest that the combined of straw return and DCD application can be an effective greenhouse gas mitigation strategy without sacrifice crop yield.