Double rice cropping and winter green manure rotation system are the important strategies for high yield stability and sustainability at rice area in Southern China. In order to investigate the response characteristics of the rice yield to double rice cropping with different winter green manure rotation and environmental, a long-term double cropping rice with different winter green manure rotation experiment has been going on since 1982 in the Red Soil Experimental Station of CAAS. Four field treatments were examined: rice-rice-milk vetch (R-R-MV), rice-rice-rape (R-R-RP), rice-rice-ryegrass (R-R-RG) and rice-rice-winter fallow(R-R-WF). Yield coefficient of variation (CV), sustainable yield index (SYI) and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction(AMMI) model were used to analyse the interactions of double rice cropping with different winter green manure rotation and environment which can effect the stability of rice yield. Result showed that yield CV in different treatments decreased with experimental years. R-R-MV rotation could decrease yield CV but not other rotations. The highest SYI value was found in R-R-MV rotation, which was 0.58 for early rice and 0.59 for late rice, respectively. The sum of squares of interactions of double rice with different winter green manure rotation treatments and environment (F*E) was 2.3% of total sum of squares (P<0.05), which indicated that the combined effects of double cropping rice with different green manure rotation and environment on rice yield was relatively small, and the main factors affecting the variation of the rice yield was interannual climate changes. It was assumed that R-R-MV rotation could adapt to climate change better than other rotation treatments. Thus, the suitable rotation system of the double cropping rice regional to sustain the high rice yield and yield stablility could be rice-rice-milk vetch rotation.