Based on the review of the literature since the new century,this article analyzes the concept and connotation of ecological agriculture. It summarizes the mainstream view of the concept of ecological agriculture,selection of evaluation indexes and its index system,which is summed up as'Economy-Environment-Society(EES) 'framework,as well as PSR,DSR models. By using statistics methods,this article compares the evaluation system established Chinese and foreign scholars and provided an overview of current research in the weight setting and technical route. Moreover,this article categories the existing empirical research work with agricultural characteristics,spatial scale,and time-unit selection. Comparatively,this study found that the assessment of ecological agriculture in domestic literature often choose index by their availability instead of logical linkage,rationality,and validity. Further,on the understanding of the concept of ecological agriculture,the existing evaluation system of ecological agriculture doesn't genuinely understand of oil consumption,electricity consumption,especially in the presence of missing the important indirect environmental impact of carbon emissions. Finally,according to the problems in the existing literature,the article puts forward six suggestions: ① Given the breadth and depth of global climate change impacts,agricultural carbon sink /source should be measured and added into such evaluation system.② A better grasp of the relationship between agricultural production efficiency and ecological environment protection should be the principle of evaluation.③ Researchers should pay more attention to the identification of ecological agricultural pattern and modes. ④ Characteristics of China's agricultural development stage need to be the cornerstone of the design of index system,which should not be transplanted directly from foreign literature.⑤ Researchers should focus on a more case-oriented evaluation and combine the advantages of the multi-source heterogeneous data source to improve the accuracy of the assessment. ⑥ Researchers should concentrate on the longterm, complex and comprehensive of ecological agricultural development and improve the spatial scales and time span of the assessment.