The adverse consequences to ecological system and human health caused by climate change have already been widely noted by scientists and international organizations. Considering the overall impact to environment and damage to the small island countries and low coastline countries caused by climate change which can not be exactly demonstrated by the current science and technology, the progress for dealing with the loss and damage issue has been struggling for a long time from the beginning to the present. In this paper, the author sorts out the progress and the positions of Parties of the negotiations associated with the matter, and proposes that the process and rule-making of future climate negotiations should be under the guidance of the concept of global climate justice which is regarded as a measure of value,and also a overall view on the concept of climate justice must be established. Generally,there are three dimensions to understand the concept of climate justice. Firstly, from the dimension of human rights protection, to protect small-islands and low-lying countries for their fundamental human rights is a logical premise for the implementation of climate justice. Secondly,based on the traditional analysis perspective of distributive justice and corrective justice,the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities should be upheld as a basic standard of allocating rights and duties associated with climate change. Thirdly, climate justice requires that any state shall comply with the no-harm principle' which is regarded as a international customary law. According to the principle,one country shall adhere to the obligation for not causing the damage to trans-boundary environmental harm. If the obligations or related rules are seriously violated, the action countries may suffer a penalty according to state responsibility or international rules. Then we can put forward three kinds of remedy approaches based on the guidance of climate justice including the approach of State Responsibility (SR), based on the principles and rules of international human rights law and international environmental law. According to certain rules,international society can judge and determine whether the damage behavior or the damage result of the state party to constitute a state responsibility. And the approach of International Environmental Regulation (IEB), which means solving the problems within the framework established by the conventions on climate change,using the market mechanisms and incentives such as fund and insurance support system for compensation and redress. The approach of International Environmental Dispute Settlement Mechanism (IEDSM),which is mainly composed by the means such as consultations,negotiations,non-mandatory ways and international arbitration,international judicial ways to solve these disputes and IEDSM can be functioned as procedural safeguards. As an active promoter of global climate governance,China should no doubt take the principle of CBDR as a basis for negotiations,actively strengthen the work of South-South cooperation,perform its international climate commitments with no discount,vigorously develop the low-carbon economy, and actively promote international negotiations of the subject of loss and damage.