With the depeening of of global change studies, more and more attention is being paid to investigate the stratigraphic record of Holocene archaeological sites. In the Yangtze Gorges area,numerous archaeological sites provide opportunities to study human activities and environmental changes since the Neolithic. The Zhongba archaeological site is known for its thick strata, well-preserved artifacts,abundant animal remains (including mammals, avifaunas, fishes, amphibians, and reptiles),availability of datable materials, and multiple paleoflood deposits. In addition, over 3 meters of continuous Holocene peat deposit is found in the Dajiuhu Lake of this region. If comparative research is done between representative archaeological sites and natural deposit profiles, the history of human activities and paleofloods in this region can be reconstructed. Thus, the relationship between human activities and natural environments,as well as human's response to global changes, can be inferred.