Several salt lakes are distributed in central Andean plateau which includes western Bolivian, eastern Chile, and northern Argentina. These lakes are rich in B,K, Li, Mg and other evaporites. Oreforming elements experienced accumulation and precipitation after evaporation in the closed basin. The formation of these deposits was closely related to the uplift of Andean and climate change. In this paper, through the research on the distribution characteristics and metallogenic characteristics of the evaporate deposits, the authors discussed the tectonic background, analyzed metallogenic elements and proposed the prospecting direction.