For deep understanding the influence of climate change on water circulation in arid areas as well as providing reference and basis for the evaluation of dry wet status and the optimal allocations of water resources, based on the daily meteorological data in Fukang station, Fukang County, Xinjiang, China during 1981-2012, this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of evaporation and its factors (precipitation, temperature, sunshine duration,relative humidity, wind speed and air pressure) in the plain region of Sangonghe River basin in recent 32 years. Linear trend estimation, moving average, Mann-Kendall test and multivariate statistical analysis were used and the multiple correlation model was built,through which the contribution degrees of meteorological factors were shown. The results indicate that the annual evaporation in recent 32 years decreased significantly, the average value was 1 605 mm with a decent speed of 126.62 mm per 10 years. The evaporation in 1990s decreased about 3.51% of that in 1980s; and in 2000s, it increased by 28.46% of that in 1990s. The evaporation in four seasons all showed significant descending trend. In spring,summer and autumn,the variation trends were basically consistent while the evaporation in winter climbed up first and then declined. The sharp decrease of spring and summer evaporation contributed greatly to the decline of annual evaporation and accounted for 80.54%. The break points of winter evaporation were in 1985 and 1989. Of all the factors, precipitation, sunshine duration, relative humidity, wind speed and air pressure all showed a statistically significant decreasing trend while the temperature increased significantly. Take 1981-1990 as a reference period, the contribution of wind speed and sunshine duration during 1991-2000 to the decrease of evaporation were 85.27% and 20.70%, respectively; the sum of other factors was-5.97%. The contribution of wind speed, sunshine duration and other factors during2001-2012 were 52.32%,39.91% and 7.77%,respectively. It can be seen that wind speed and sunshine duration were the most important two factors for the evaporation variation.