Many regions are pounded with heavy rainfall,causing flood,casualties,property damage and severe destruction to ecosystem in multiple urban areas. Frequent occurrence of extremely heavy precipitation event under the background of global climate change has caused terrible harm on economic and social development,life security,ecosystem,etc.,brought profound impact on sustainable development of disaster area,become a key factor of global and regional disasters and environmental risk,and been widely concerned by academic circle and all sectors of the society. So severe disasters caused by extreme precipitation events have attracted more and more attention, and the relationship between different duration heavy rainfall and total heavy rainfall becomes the hottest scientific frontier issue. Different duration heavy rainfall's contribution to the total heavy rainfall has significant spatial differences. Here we use daily rainfall data from 1961 to 2015 of 659 meteorological stations in China. When the rainfall is greater than 50 mm in 24 hours,it is a heavy rainfall event. Heavy rainfall that only lasts for one day is defined as short duration heavy rainfall,while that lasts for more than two days is defined as long duration heavy rainfall. Results indicate that: total rainfall,total heavy rainfall and short duration heavy rainfall showedincreasing-decreasing-increasingfrom the southeast coastal to northwest inland in China from 1961 to 2015,and the meteorological stations with increasing trend were predominant. In the meantime,long duration heavy rainfall showedincreasing-decreasingspatial pattern,and meteorological stations with decreasing trend were predominant. There was a belt of becoming drought from northeast to southwest. The contribution of total heavy rainfall to total rainfall and long duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showedhigh in southeast- low in northwestspatial distribution pattern. On the contrary,the contribution of short duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showedlow in southeast-high in northwestspatial distribution pattern. The contribution trend of total heavy rainfall to total rainfall and long duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showed increasing-mosaic with increasing and decreasing-increasingspatial distribution pattern from northeast to southwest,and on the whole meteorological stations with increasing trend were predominant. On the contrary,the contribution trend of short duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showed mosaic with increasing and increasing in the northeast,slightly decreasing in the southwest,and meteorological stations with decreasing trend were predominant. There was a climate transition zone from northeast to southwest,which were essentially coincident with the arid zone. The results suggest that the precipitation in China is changing to extremely accompanied by the significant short duration storm increasing. Chinese heavy rainfall,especially the increase of short duration heavy rainfall suggests that human activity is likely to be triggered an increasing in extreme precipitation.