Understanding how the crop water productivity can be increased is widely accepted to be a high priority where water resources are currently scarce and/or over-exploited in China. As the primary data source, MODIS remote sensing, statistics, meteorological data, crop growth period data and ground truth-data from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2012 were used in actual evapotranspiration estimation, yields rasterizing, and water productivity calculation for winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain(3H Plain). The statistical data for wheat yield was synthesized to calculate district-state-level land productivity, which is then further extrapolated to pixel-level values using a MODIS NDVI image, based on a crop dominance map. Spatial variation of crop water productivity was investigated in order to reveal the key factors of crop water productivity. In addition, the relationship between water productivity and actual evapotranspiration and in subsequence yield for winter wheat was discussed in 3H Plain. The main results indicated that the SEBAL is suitable for estimating evapotranspiration in winter wheat based on the comparison with the evapotranspiration measured by Yucheng (in Shandong province). The regional average value of water productivity for winter wheat was detected to be 1.21kg·m~(-3), with the higher value in Beijing, Tianjin, north part of Shandong province and south part of Hebei province. The pronounced relationship of spatial correlation of the yield and water productivity for winter wheat indicated that the increasing yield governed the increment of water productivity for winter wheat in the coastal land-farming-fishing area (zone1), low plain-hydropenia irrigable land and dry land zone (zone2) and basin- irrigable land and dry land (zone5). Whereas, the increasing water productivity for winter wheat was recognized to be controlled by rather the increment of yield than the reduction of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) for winter wheat in the piedmont plain-irrigable land (zone2). Furthermore, the pronounced relationship of negative correlation of water productivity and ETa for winter wheat described that only the reduction of ETa was responsible for the increment of water productivity for winter wheat in hill-wet hot paddy-paddy field (zone6). The results is expected to provide a basis information for agricultural water management, improvements of crop water productivity and choice of adaptive mechanism under climate change in Huang-Huai-Hai plain.