Forest carbon sequestration(FCS)is an effective way to reduce climate change. Rural household participation in FCS is a focus in China. After southern collective forest tenure reform, small-scale rural households are the main subjects for FCS supply,so discussing their willingness to participate in FCS has great practical significance for policy for carbon forest management. This paper is based on Putnam's theory of social capital and used survey data of underdeveloped areas in Fujian to analyze how social capital influenced rural household willingness for FCS according to logistic modeling. We found that the level of household willingness for carbon forest management was low at 36.63%. Social capital can significantly promote willingness for carbon forest management, and various dimensions of social capital contributed to driving household willingness to participate in carbon forest management at different levels:social network> interpersonal trust> institutional trust> social regulation. Human capital and physical capital variables also influenced rural household willingness for carbon forest management. Social capital is calledthe capital of the poor',especially in undeveloped areas. The government should combine institutional arrangements with the practical situation in underdeveloped areas to raise the level of social capital and stimulate forest carbon sequestration management participation. At the same time,the government should consider the interests of households in forest carbon sink compensation systems.