Climate factors,especially the hydrothermal conditions,have a range of important impacts on crops.With the global warming,a new change in the climate(warming hiatus)has been found in China since 2000.In view of the relationship of the phenology of summer maize and winter wheat with climate conditions,in this study,the phenological characteristics and the relationship between the growth periods of these crops and hydrothermal conditions were analyzed based on the historically observed data from agricultural phenological stations and meteorological stations during 2000-2013,and the simulated data for the three future climatic scenarios(RCP2.6,RCP4.5and RCP8.5)during 2021-2040.In addition,the future lengths of the growth period(from seeding to maturity)of summer maize and winter wheat were predicted.It was found that more than 50% of the stations show a delay in the main phenological events of summer maize,while few stations show a delay for winter wheat. During 2000-2013,the temperature over the phenological periods,however,did not show a general increase as one thought.The mean temperature over the phenological events for summer maize remained rather flat,but the precipitation increased at most stations.More than 60% winter wheat stations show that the climate has a trend to be cold and dry over the whole growing period. Overall,there is a negative correlation of the total growth period of summer maize and winter wheat with the observed mean temperature.The total growth period will shorten by 3.97days when the mean temperature increases by 1.0℃.Under the three future climate scenarios,the maximum shortening amplitude of the total growth period will be 0.13day per year.It should be noted that the specific values must be treated carefully because of the special historical and indefinite future climatic conditions.