【Objective】The Qinling Mountains is the most typical distribution area for Larix chinensis-dominant temperate coniferous forests in China, and also one of the most significantly vulnerable areas affected by climate change worldwide. In this study, we aim to understand the sensitivity of L. chinensis growth to climate change.【Method】We used dendrochronological methods to establish tree-ring width chronologies for L. chinensis and identity key climatic factors that affect the radial growth of L. chinensis in Aoshan Mountain, Northwest China. 【Result】The growth of L. chinensis was sensitive to the climatic conditions, and climatic information suitable for dendroclimatology research was obtained. The results of the climate factor-growth correlation analysis revealed that the growth of L. chinensis was strongly positively correlated with June temperatures of the previous year and February, June and July air temperatures of the current year. However, the radial growth was strongly negatively correlated with precipitation in May of the previous year and January and June of the current year. Spatial correlation analyses with a gridded temperature dataset showed that the tree-ring width chronology of L. chinensis is a good representation for the variations in June air temperature at the study site. 【Conclusion】The coupling effects of large-scale atmospheric-oceanic variability may affect the radial growth of L. chinensis in Aoshan Mountain. Our study provided basic data for the practical management of L. chinensis forest near the alpine timberline in the Qinling Mountains and allowed for climate reconstruction in the region.