[目的]探究黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤微生物的演变特征,为黄土高原生态恢复重建工作提供科学参考。[方法]以Web of Science数据库和CNKI数据库中的期刊论文为数据源,运用CiteSpace文献计量工具对黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤微生物演变的研究概况及研究热点进行分析。[结果]20022018年黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤微生物演变特征相关文献的发表数量随时间呈增长趋势;国内外研究热点主要围绕土壤微生物量、微生物群落结构以及酶活性展开,且对于微生物量的关注度比较高;在植被演替过程中,微生物生物量和酶活性总体增加,微生物群落从贫营养型向富营养型转变,土壤微生物群落结构和功能的进一步改善。不同植被类型对土壤生物质量改善效果不同,总体来说,混交林作用效果最好,刺槐和柠条纯林次之,荒草地和油松纯林最低。[结论]黄土高原植被恢复土壤微生物今后的研究应注重微生物关键种的识别、参与碳氮磷循环的功能微生物以及全球变化对微生物群落影响等方面。
英文摘要:
[Objective] The evolution characteristics of soil microorganism in the process of vegetation restoration in Loess Plateau were studied in order to which provided scientific reference for the ecological restoration and reconstruction of the loess plateau. [Methods] The present study focused on the vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau and made a systematic analysis of soil microorganism evolution based on the literature data from the database of "Web of Science and the "China National Knowledge Infrastructure using CiteSpace bibliometrics tools. [Results] The number of literatures related to soil microorganism during the vegetation restoration of Loess Plateau during 20022018 presented an increasing trend. The related works mainly focuses on the soil microbial biomass, microbial community structure,enzyme activities, and especially on the microbial biomass. Vegetation succession caused an increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activities and led to a succession from oligotrophic microbial community to eutrophic community. In general, soil microbial community structure and function was improved during the vegetation succession. Vegetation types had different effects on soil biological quality. The mixed forest had the best quality, followed by the Robinia pseudoacacia and Caragana korshinskii pure forest, abandoned grassland, and Pinus tabuliformis pure forest. [Conclusion] Research on the soil microorganisms in the vegetation restoration of Loess Plateau in the future should focus on the key identification of soil microbial taxa in microbes involved in the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, and the impact of global changes on the microbial community.