Detritus food chain dominated by soil fauna is the main way of litter biochemical degradation, which also plays a key role in carbon and nutrients cycling in forest ecosystems. Existing studies clearly showed that:①climate is the primary factor controlling soil fauna biodiversity and their contributions to litter decomposition;②litter quality dominates the interactions between soil fauna and litter decomposition in specific climate zone;③global climate and environmental changes have been altering soil fauna biodiversity and litter quality,which in turn,make the interactions between soil fauna and litter decomposition more complicated. Moreover,current classification system for soil fauna is relatively backward and there are inevitable flaws litter -bag and other methods. Following the improve ment of research methods,additional detailed works should focus on the ecological relationships between litter quality and soil fauna community succession and their responses to ongoing climate changes in the future. This may advance our understanding of material cycling,energy flowing,information transferring and other key ecological processes associated with soil fauna.