According to the results of the full text information retrieval of the ancient literature database based on" China's Basic Ancient Books Library" and "Ai Rusheng Database o China Fangzhi Library",we analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics of the " Famine and Cannibalism" events during Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty. The results showed that during the 17 years of the Chongzhen period,there were 73 provinces and 475 counties with incidents of famine and cannibalism. Among them,Chongzhen's thirteen years ( 1640AD, 224 counties) and fourteen years ( 1641AD,127 counties) were the most serious,and the " Famine and Cannibalism" incidents were the most common in the spring. In terms of space,Henan Province had the most counties occurred the events ( 12 years,103 counties),followed by Shandong,Shanxi,Beijing,Shaanxi,and Nanjing. The spatial difference was obvious,and the north areas were significantly more than the south. Among the causes of the cannibalism," drought" or " drought + other disasters" totaled 440 counties. accounting for 93% of the total numbers. Severe drought-extremely shortage of food resources-a large increase in rice prices-no food to eat-a large number of people starving to death-the " Famine and Cannibalism" incidents occurred,was a typical process of " Famine and Cannibalism " incidents during the Chongzhen years. The arid climate and long lasting without rain were the leading factors in the chain of disasters of " drought-locust-plague-famine" disasters during the Chongzhen period. The extreme shortage of food resources caused by climate deterioration was an important reason for the demise of the Ming Dynasty. Climate change had a negligible impact on the historical process.