To analyze the decadal variability of the summer precipitation over eastern China (ECP) in the late 1970s and the early 1990s, the impacts of global sea surface temperature on the first two modes of the EOF decomposition of the ECP decadal change are diagnosed based on traditional statistical methods. The results show that there are considerable correlations between the Indian Ocean Dipole (DMI), the Atlantic Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the time coefficients of the first and second EOF modes (PC1, PC2). According to the decadal variations of the DMI and PDO, the ECP mainly demonstrates the positive phase of first EOF mode (EOF1) and second EOF mode (EOF2) in the late 1970s due to DMI and PDO variations; the ECP shows the general first EOF mode (EOF1) in the early 1990s because of AMO and PDO variations. The reconstructed ECPs based on the AMO, DMI and PC1 are similar, mainly affecting the lower latitude of ECP. The wave trains originating from the Atlantic Ocean in the 500 hPa height fields regressed by PC1 and the IDMI-T (DMI removing the global warming effect) include an anomalous anticyclone center over the north of the Yellow River and a cyclone center to the south of the Yellow River, which generate low-level southerly anomalies and more water vapor transportation into northern China. As a result, summer rainfall increases over northern China and decreases over southern China. The reconstructed ECPs by the PDO and PC2 are similar and mainly affect the mid-latitude of ECP. Their regression fields lead to low-level north wind anomalies and water vapor convergence over the Yangtze-River Valley, which can explain the rainfall growth over the corresponding region and the decrease over north and south China.