Based on the study of the influence of geoengineering on extreme rainfall in China,the BNU-ESM model of the geoengineering ( G4 experiment) and the non-geoengineering ( RCP4. 5) daily rainfall data are used to define the extreme rainfall events with the 95% digits of daily mean rainfall in this research. At the same time, combined with the population data of China under the IPCC SSP3 scenario,the risk of the affected population of extreme rainfall in China is evaluated and the risk under the two scenarios is compared and analyzed. The results show that: Geoengineering can effectively reduce the affected population risk of extreme rainfall disasters in China, and the reduction during implementation is higher than the end of implementation. In the two scenario,the regional difference of the affected population risk of extreme rainfall disaster by China is increasing. Geoengineering failed to change the relative pattern of the affected population risk of extreme rainfall disasters in China. It shows that in the current GeoMIP mode of geoengineering implementation equivalence,human beings can effectively reduce the risk of climate change and do not affect the relative pattern of regional climate.