It is very important to understand the climate change about distribution of Chinese caterpillar fungus for the local ecological environment protection and the sustainable use of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in Tibet.In this paper,temperature,precipitation and sunshine hours data of 24 weather stations in the distribution area from 1981 to 2015 were analyzed with linear trend analysis,Mann-Kendall break detector based on the average annual temperature,average rainy season temperature,annual precipitation and rainy season precipitation and other data.Climate model simulation was used to estimate average annual temperature and annual precipitation in the future under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios in the distribution area.The results showed that the average annual temperature of O.sinensis in Tibet has been increasing significantly,and the warming rate in the rainy season is lower than the annual warming rate.The warming is more significant in winter or spring than summer and autumn.Simultaneously,the average maximum temperature and average minimum temperature in the annual and rainy seasons showed a significant increase trend,and the warming rate had obvious regional characteristics.The increase rates of average annual minimum temperature and average annual maximum temperature in most stations are significantly greater than the increase rate of average annual temperature.The annual rainfall is increasing at most sites,but there are large regional differences,and it was found that the annual average sunshine hours and the rainy season hours showed significant reduction trend.It is estimated that the temperature in different areas in this century will increase significantly and precipitation will increase in different periods in the future.With the local climate warming and humidity,the suitable range of elevation of O.sinensis will rise.However,There is no suitable living condition for it,the lower limit of elevation will rise directly,and the range of suitable O.sinensis will be reduced to pose a serious threat to the inducement and growth of O.sinensis.