Studies of rapid climate changes provide a scientific understanding for humans facing with extreme climate and predicting future environments dynamics.Asian monsoon,as a key interactive transmitter of high-and low-latitude climate,has played a significant role in Northern Hemisphere and global Quaternary climate changes.There are,however,remarkable differences and distinctions recorded in varied paleoclimatic proxies and researches of rapid monsoon changes at millennial timescales remain poorly constrained,therefore,further discussions are necessary about Asian monsoon variations.Weihe Basin is located at the overlapping area of Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and Sanmen Lake sediments,which is an excellent area of studying the evolution of Quaternary Asian monsoon variability.We conduct a comparative study of grain size (2-cm resolution) and elemental concentrations (scanning by 2-cm resolution) of two high-quality loess cores,named ZZC (34°8'20"N,108°42'26"E) and XFC (34°8'11"N,108°45'23"E) in Weihe Basin,evaluate the relations of different spatial and climate proxies,and try to reconstruct East Asia monsoon (EAM) evolution since Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).The upper 4-m of ZZC core and 3-m of XFC core are homogeneous in lithology,brown-yellow alternate between in colors.The construction of timing of two cores are based on tuning with adjacent Weinan aeolian loess which knowns OSL ages,three age control points(about 24 ka,15 ka and 4 ka,respectively)are selected to match the boundaries of LGM and Holocene.Based on above analysis,the results show that mean grain size (MGS) of two cores exhibit synchronous fluctuations and match well with Weinan aeolian loess,while Ca/Ti shows relatively higher amplitude and frequency than MGS.Generally,grain size can be an indicator of East Asia winter monsoon (EAWM) and Ca/Ti can be an indicator of East Asia summer monsoon (EASM).MGS of ZZC core decreases from LGM to Early Holocene,and become slightly coarser after mid-Holocene,which means East Asia winter monsoon (EAWM) is strong since LGM to Early Holocene and Late Holocene,but weak during the mid-Holocene.Ca/Ti decreases from LGM to the Holocene,indicating EASM intensity changes greatly during this periods,moreover,several abrupt monsoon events is recorded in Ca/Ti at LGM and last deglaciation.During the Holocene (especially mid-Holocene),Ca is almost completely leached due to excessive precipitation and the sensitivity of Ca/Ti is fade away.Both EASM and EAWM are comprehensive modulated by Northern hemisphere summer insolation(NHSI) and cooling effect of Laurentide ice since LGM.Our study shows that climate of the Weihe Basin changed from dry/cold of LGM to warm/humid of Holocene.In the further investigation about Weihe Basin and EAM,more data assimilation should be focused on the high-resolution and univocal EAM proxies and studies of hydrological cycle changes.Moreover,robust evaluation of the regional response to global climate changes and further projection of East Asian monsoon variability are crucial to the characteristics and mechanisms of monsoon climate.